Question 1

Teens who smoke typically have friends who smoke. To avoid overestimating the impact of peer pressure on teens' smoking habits, it would make the most sense to consider the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)   a selection effect.
B)   a pruning process.
C)   stranger anxiety.
D)   brain plasticity.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

From ages 3 to 6, the brain's neural networks are sprouting most rapidly in the

Accepted Answer

A)   frontal lobes.
B)   hypothalamus.
C)   cerebellum.
D)   brainstem.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 3

Erikson suggested that the adolescent search for identity is followed by a developing capacity for

Accepted Answer

A)   competence.
B)   intimacy.
C)   autonomy.
D)   trust.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 4

Developmental psychologists study physical, cognitive, and ________ changes throughout the human life span.

Accepted Answer

A)   cross-sectional
B)   embryonic
C)   genetic
D)   socialE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

There is very little relationship between the age of an adult and his or her

Accepted Answer

A)   risk of neurocognitive disorder.
B)   ability to recall meaningless information.
C)   level of life satisfaction.
D)   susceptibility to accidental physical injury.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

According to Erikson, infancy is to trust as adolescence is to

Accepted Answer

A)   autonomy.
B)   identity.
C)   generativity.
D)   integrity.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 7

Parents should not take too much blame for the failures and shortcomings of their children because

Accepted Answer

A)   their child-rearing mistakes simply reflect that they were not properly raised by their own parents.
B)   children typically fail on purpose in order to establish a healthy independence from parents.
C)   child-rearing practices have little effect on children's beliefs and values.
D)   parental behavior is only one of many factors that influence children's behavior.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

According to Piaget, the preoperational stage is to the concrete operational stage as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   assimilation; accommodation
B)   object permanence; stranger anxiety
C)   egocentrism; conservation
D)   responsive parenting; temperamentE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

The ability of preschool children to empathize with classmates who are feeling sad illustrates that preoperational children have developed

Accepted Answer

A)   a sense of integrity.
B)   conventional morality.
C)   a theory of mind.
D)   a concept of conservation.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

French toddlers preferred playing with chamomile-scented toys if

Accepted Answer

A)   they had never before experienced the scent of chamomile.
B)   they had been diagnosed with fetal alcohol syndrome.
C)   their mothers had once used a skin balm with a chamomile scent.
D)   their fathers were devoted chamomile tea drinkers.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

According to Piaget, imagining an action and mentally reversing it would be an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)   pruning process.
B)   critical period.
C)   mental operation.
D)   cross-sectional study.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Boys who mature at an early age tend to be more

Accepted Answer

A)   physically uncoordinated.
B)   sexually inhibited.
C)   popular and self-assured.
D)   academically successful.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Which of the following factors contributes most positively to the development of secure attachment between human infants and their mothers?

Accepted Answer

A)   conventional morality
B)   responsive parenting
C)   stranger anxiety
D)   authoritarian disciplineE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Adolescents are most likely to be influenced by their parents with respect to ________, and they are most likely to be influenced by their peers with respect to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   language accents; college choices
B)   dating practices; religious faith
C)   bedtime preferences; political views
D)   career choices; clothing preferencesE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 15

Which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   Early maturation places both boys and girls at a distinct social advantage.
B)   Early maturing girls are more popular and self-assured than girls who mature late.
C)   Early maturation places both boys and girls at a distinct social disadvantage.
D)   Early maturing boys are more popular and self-assured than boys who mature late.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 16

Psychologist Jonathan Haidt has described our moral intuitions as

Accepted Answer

A)   formal operations.
B)   secure attachments.
C)   quick gut feelings.
D)   postconventional judgments.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

The idea that morality is rooted in moral intuitions rather than moral reasoning is the basis for

Accepted Answer

A)   Lawrence Kohlberg's theory.
B)   Jean Piaget's theory.
C)   Jonathan Haidt's theory.
D)   Erik Erikson's theory.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

Dr. Anders is a 45-year-old physician who experiences a sense of personal fulfillment in contributing to the well-being of others through her medical practice. Erik Erikson would have suggested that Dr. Anders experiences

Accepted Answer

A)   concrete operations.
B)   postconventional morality.
C)   object permanence.
D)   generativity.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Most 20-year-olds outperform most 70-year-olds on video games due to age-related differences in

Accepted Answer

A)   role confusion.
B)   object permanence.
C)   infantile amnesia.
D)   information-processing speed.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 20

Parents in Westernized cultures are more likely than parents in Asian cultures to encourage children to value

Accepted Answer

A)   nonconformity.
B)   gender roles.
C)   cultural traditions.
D)   enduring friendships.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Exam 4: Developing Through the Life Span

Which of the following is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Anders is a 45-year-old physician who experiences a sense of personal fulfillment in contributing to the well-being of others through her medical practice. Erik Erikson would have suggested that Dr. Anders experiences

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Erikson suggested that the adolescent search for identity is followed by a developing capacity for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Erikson, infancy is to trust as adolescence is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

French toddlers preferred playing with chamomile-scented toys if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ability of preschool children to empathize with classmates who are feeling sad illustrates that preoperational children have developed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Piaget, the preoperational stage is to the concrete operational stage as ________ is to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

From ages 3 to 6, the brain's neural networks are sprouting most rapidly in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There is very little relationship between the age of an adult and his or her

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Teens who smoke typically have friends who smoke. To avoid overestimating the impact of peer pressure on teens' smoking habits, it would make the most sense to consider the importance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most 20-year-olds outperform most 70-year-olds on video games due to age-related differences in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologist Jonathan Haidt has described our moral intuitions as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Adolescents are most likely to be influenced by their parents with respect to ________, and they are most likely to be influenced by their peers with respect to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Piaget, imagining an action and mentally reversing it would be an example of a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The idea that morality is rooted in moral intuitions rather than moral reasoning is the basis for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following factors contributes most positively to the development of secure attachment between human infants and their mothers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Developmental psychologists study physical, cognitive, and ________ changes throughout the human life span.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parents should not take too much blame for the failures and shortcomings of their children because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parents in Westernized cultures are more likely than parents in Asian cultures to encourage children to value

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Boys who mature at an early age tend to be more

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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According to Piaget, the preoperational stage is to the concrete operational stage as is to .

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Adolescents are most likely to be influenced by their parents with respect to , and they are most likely to be influenced by their peers with respect to .

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